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Bitcoin Halving

Every 210,000 blocks (~4 years), the miner block reward is cut in half. This controls Bitcoin's supply and drives scarcity.

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What is Bitcoin Halving?

Bitcoin halving is a pre-programmed event in Bitcoin's code where the miner block reward is cut in half every 210,000 blocks (~4 years). It's one of Bitcoin's most important economic mechanisms.

Halving Schedule

Block 0 to 209,999:        50 BTC/block  (2009-2012)
Block 210,000 to 419,999:  25 BTC/block  (2012-2016)
Block 420,000 to 629,999:  12.5 BTC/block (2016-2020)
Block 630,000 to 839,999:  6.25 BTC/block (2020-2024)
Block 840,000 to 1,049,999: 3.125 BTC/block (2024-2028)
...
Block ~6,930,000:           ~0 BTC (all 21M mined ~2140)

Why Does Halving Exist?

Satoshi designed halvings to create a predictably scarce currency. Unlike gold mining where supply can increase, or fiat money where central banks print at will, Bitcoin's supply curve is mathematically fixed and public.

Economic Impact

Historically, each halving has been followed (with varying delays) by significant price increases as supply shock meets steady demand. However, past performance doesn't predict future results — Bitcoin is not financial advice.

"The root problem with conventional currency is all the trust that's required to make it work." — Satoshi Nakamoto

The Last Bitcoin

The 21 millionth Bitcoin will be mined around year 2140. After that, miners will be compensated solely by transaction fees — meaning Bitcoin needs an active fee market for long-term security.

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